Semantic sentence patterns¶
Facts >> conclusion¶
Subtype: Attrs impression
“With his sharp tonails and sneaky smile, Bigfoot seemed threatening”
Fact >> reason¶
Subtype: Did something in order to
“He quickly wrote an essay about the topic, to get his thoughts down before diving into the research”
Fact >> result¶
Subtype: Experience familiarity
” The inevitable corollary of having witnessed the longest reign in British history is that only a tiny fraction of us have any memory of a monarch’s passing”
Action >> result¶
Subtype: deed result
“A jail sentence for misplaced comma appears harsh”
Then vs. Now¶
Subtype:
” Our ancestors were better prepared for moments like this”
Generalized with concession¶
Subtype: General characteristics, concession attributes
” Although not quite friend speak, conversational English includes some warmth and informality”
Extreme concession¶
Subtype: Not everything but something
”You don’t have to share holidays, but you do have to recognize and deal with”
Concessive: Although x, y¶
Although focus on contrast surprise, unexpected, reasoning about x, despite x, y focus on matter of fact, the reality of y
Induction, Deduction¶
All but
Unlike (negation)
Also
Chronological¶
Before …
In a rare moment
Entering a period
We are at a moment in history
Establishing pre condition¶
given …
adv. …., subj …. v…
” Stripped of every belief that could conceivably be doubted, adrift in the sea of seemingly bottomless uncertainty, Decarted desperately cast about for some foothold”
Even if …
It is perfectly compatible
feels like
This is
There is a real need
Directions¶
went under way
Reversibility¶
can be undone
Effect¶
Makes me angry
Prediction - long term¶
People will rely more on renewable energy in the coming decades.
Prediction - casual¶
This cake will taste amazing.
List of items where one is more important¶
List of actions (modal verb + multiple verb phrases, should go, eat…)¶
Mini reference¶
Inference → Fact → Conclusion / Reason / Result / Action-Result
With his sharp nails, Bigfoot seemed threatening.
Contrast → Then vs. Now / Although / Despite / Partial Concession
Although not all rules apply, some must be followed.
Reasoning → All but / Unlike / Also
Unlike his peers, he finished early.
Time → Before / Now / At this moment
Before the sun rose, the village was quiet.
Condition → Given / Even if / Participial clause
Given the evidence, we must reconsider the hypothesis.
Process → Begins / Underway / Can be undone
The project got underway last Monday.
Effect → Makes / Leads to
The mistake made me frustrated.
Prediction → Long-term vs. Casual
People will rely more on renewable energy in the coming decades (long term) This cake will taste amazing (casual)
Organization → Ranked ideas / Action series (modal + verbs)
Most importantly, students must review the notes (ranked)
Students should read, take notes, and submit the assignment on time (series)